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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Biphasic MoO2/Mo2C-Passivated Graphite Anodes for Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Sang Hyeok Bae1, Joo Hyeong Suh1, Yejin Jo1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea.

ACS Nano
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new MoO2/Mo2C passivation layer for graphite anodes, significantly improving fast-charging durability in lithium-ion batteries. This breakthrough enhances cycle life and capacity retention under demanding conditions.

Keywords:
anodebatterygraphitelithiumpassivation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Fast charging of lithium-ion batteries degrades performance, especially with thick electrodes.
  • This decay stems from kinetic limitations at the graphite anode interface, leading to lithium plating.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a novel biphasic passivation layer for graphite anodes.
  • To enhance fast-charging capabilities and long-term cycle durability of lithium-ion batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an ultrathin MoO2/Mo2C biphasic layer using a polyelectrolyte-assisted adsorption approach.
  • Characterized the layer's properties, including ionic conductivity, surface diffusion, and electrical conductivity.
  • Tested the performance of the modified graphite anode under fast-charging conditions.

Main Results:

  • The MoO2 outer layer stabilized the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), suppressing excessive formation and promoting a robust, ionically conductive SEI.
  • The Mo2C inner layer facilitated fast lithium-ion intercalation with low adsorption energy and high electrical conductivity.
  • The modified anode achieved 80% state of charge in 7.4 minutes and retained 78.3% capacity after 600 fast-charge cycles at 3.2 mAh cm-2.

Conclusions:

  • The MoO2/Mo2C biphasic layer effectively addresses interfacial kinetic limitations in graphite anodes.
  • This surface engineering approach significantly advances fast-charging performance and cycle durability for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.