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Expectation-driven shifts in perception and production.

Lacey Wade1, Meredith Tamminga2

  • 1Department of Linguistics, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|October 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated phonetic convergence, exploring how expectations influence speech perception and production. While expectation-driven shifts were observed in both, their perceptual and production changes did not correlate, suggesting distinct underlying mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Speech Perception and Production
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Phonetic convergence is often cited as evidence for close links between speech perception and production.
  • Previous research has yielded inconsistent results when correlating perceptual adjustments with production shifts.
  • The role of expectation-driven convergence adds complexity to understanding the perception-production relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether expectation-driven perceptual shifts align with expectation-driven production shifts.
  • To examine the correlation between individual differences in expectation-driven perception and production.
  • To clarify the relationship between perception and production in the context of linguistic expectations.

Main Methods:

  • A go/no-go lexical decision task was employed to measure perceptual shifts.
  • The Word Naming Game was used to replicate previous findings on expectation-driven convergence in production.
  • Participants' responses in both tasks were analyzed to identify and compare shifts.

Main Results:

  • Expectation-driven perceptual shifts were observed, occurring toward previously established stimuli.
  • Previous findings of expectation-driven convergence in production were successfully replicated.
  • No significant correlation was found between individuals' expectation-driven shifts in perception and production.

Conclusions:

  • Expectations influence both speech perception and production independently.
  • The lack of correlation suggests that expectation-driven perception and production may rely on distinct cognitive or neural mechanisms.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the nuanced interplay of expectations in linguistic behavior.