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Heat Conduction Model Based on the Explicit Euler Method for Non-Stationary Cases.
Attila Érchegyi1,2, Ervin Rácz3
1Doctoral School of Applied Informatics and Applied Mathematics, Obuda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary.
This study optimizes the explicit Euler method for heat conduction by introducing a No-Sway Threshold to prevent temperature oscillations. Variable grid spacing and this new threshold improve simulation accuracy and stability.
Area of Science:
- Computational Heat Transfer
- Numerical Methods in Engineering
- Thermal Engineering
Background:
- The explicit Euler method is prone to oscillations in transient heat conduction simulations.
- The classical Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition is insufficient for monotonic temperature approximations.
- Oscillations in intermediate states can lead to inaccurate thermal modeling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To optimize the explicit Euler method for heat conduction models.
- To eliminate oscillations in transient temperature simulations.
- To develop a more stable and accurate numerical approach for thermal analysis.
Main Methods:
- Introduced a No-Sway Threshold for the Fourier number (K), stricter than CFL.
- Determined optimal time (Δt) and spatial (Δx) steps using the Method of Equating Coefficients.
- Constructed variable grid spacing (M2) using an inequality system and specified element thickness (Δξ).
Main Results:
- The No-Sway Threshold ensures monotonic temperature-time evolution.
- Variable grid spacing (M2) combined with the No-Sway Threshold enhances simulation accuracy.
- Application to a Flexblue® SMR shutdown scenario showed improved temperature gradient prediction in M2 compared to uniform grid (M1).
Conclusions:
- The optimized explicit Euler method with a No-Sway Threshold and variable grid spacing provides superior accuracy for heat conduction.
- This approach effectively mitigates oscillations and improves the stability of transient thermal simulations.
- The findings are validated by a realistic emergency shutdown scenario, demonstrating practical applicability.

