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Hydrogels in Heritage Conservation: A Comparative Evaluation on Composite Objects.

Stavroula Rapti1, Stamatis Boyatzis1, Athanasios Velios2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chelating agents in gels can clean iron corrosion from composite artifacts. Different gels show varying effectiveness on wood and textiles, suggesting tailored approaches for artifact preservation.

Keywords:
agarosechelatorsconservationcultural heritageextra-dry Nanorestore® geltextilewood

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Conservation Science
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Composite ethnographic objects with metal components are susceptible to iron corrosion damage, especially in humid conditions.
  • Removing iron corrosion is critical for the long-term preservation of these valuable artifacts.
  • Chelating agents are used to remove metal ions, but their application in gel form requires optimization for different materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the cleaning efficacy of Desferrioxamine B (DFO-B) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in various gel formulations.
  • To compare the performance of xanthan gum, agarose, and Nanorestore extra-dry gel (nano-MWR) on wood and textile substrates.
  • To assess the potential for chemical damage to substrates during the cleaning process.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of wooden and textile mock-ups stained with iron corrosion products.
  • Application of DFO-B and EDTA chelators using three different gel formulations: xanthan gum, agarose, and nano-MWR.
  • Visual assessment and analysis of cleaning effectiveness and substrate integrity after treatment.

Main Results:

  • Xanthan gum gel showed high cleaning effectiveness but risked residue and surface damage.
  • Agarose and nano-MWR gels were less effective initially but showed potential with repeated applications.
  • Agarose gel improved chelator efficacy on textiles, while nano-MWR gel performed better on wood.
  • No chemical damage was observed on either wood or textile substrates across all gel applications.

Conclusions:

  • A single gel formulation is insufficient for effective cleaning of both wood and textile components in composite artifacts.
  • Agarose gel, particularly in a semi-rigid state, enhances textile treatment and may be effective on wood with multiple applications.
  • A combined strategy using agarose for textiles and nano-MWR for wood could optimize chelator performance on composite artifacts.