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Atad1 Is a Potential Candidate Gene for Prepulse Inhibition.

Akhilesh K Bajpai1, Timothy G Freels2, Lu Lu1

  • 1Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.

Genes
|October 29, 2025
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Summary

Researchers identified ATPase family, AAA domain containing 1 (Atad1) as a potential gene influencing prepulse inhibition (PPI), a trait linked to schizophrenia. Atad1

Keywords:
Atad1BXD RI strainscandidate geneprepulse inhibitionschizophrenia

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Area of Science:

  • Neurogenetics
  • Psychiatric Genetics

Background:

  • Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is a key phenotype in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders.
  • Identifying genetic influences on PPI is crucial for understanding these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genes that influence prepulse inhibition (PPI) using Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) analysis in mice.
  • To investigate the role of candidate genes in psychiatric traits using human data.

Main Methods:

  • Performed QTL analysis on 59 BXD recombinant inbred mouse strains to map PPI-related loci.
  • Utilized genetic, partial, and literature correlations to identify candidate genes.
  • Conducted gene enrichment, protein-protein interaction, Phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS), and differential expression analyses.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant male-specific QTLs on Chromosome 19, with ATPase family, AAA domain containing 1 (Atad1) as the strongest candidate.
  • Found strong cis-modulation of Atad1 expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in mice.
  • Linked Atad1 to neurotransmission pathways and identified direct interaction partners (GRIA2, ASNA1).
  • PheWAS revealed associations between Atad1 and psychiatric traits, including schizophrenia.
  • Human data showed differential Atad1 expression in schizophrenia patients.

Conclusions:

  • Atad1 is a strong candidate gene for PPI.
  • Further investigation of Atad1 is warranted for its role in psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.