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Codon Usage Preference and Evolutionary Analysis of Pseudorabies Virus.

Aolong Xiong1, Kai Li2, Xiaodong Liu1

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Pseudorabies virus (PRV) causes significant disease in livestock and wildlife.
  • The PRV gB gene is highly conserved and plays a role in immune response and cell fusion.
  • Understanding PRV evolution is vital for disease control and economic impact mitigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the evolutionary mechanisms of the PRV gB gene.
  • Analyze host adaptation strategies of PRV.
  • Examine the role of the gB gene in PRV's evolutionary trajectory.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic alignment of 110 PRV gB gene sequences from diverse global regions (2011-2024).
  • Phylogenetic analysis to identify mutation rates and evolutionary patterns.
  • Codon usage pattern analysis, including Effective Number of Codons (ENC) and ENC-GC3 plots.

Main Results:

  • PRV gB gene exhibits significant codon usage bias (ENC = 27.94 ± 0.1528), driven by natural selection.
  • The second codon position of gB shows the highest mutation rate (1.0586), linked to immune escape.
  • Evidence supports a
  • selective optimization
  • strategy balancing function and immune pressure.

Conclusions:

  • PRV employs a
  • selective optimization
  • evolutionary strategy for its gB gene.
  • Findings deepen understanding of PRV evolutionary mechanisms and host adaptation.
  • Provides theoretical basis for vaccine design and cross-species transmission risk assessment.