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Violence Against Women on Social Networks: A Descriptive Analysis.
Pedro José López-Barranco1, Samara López-Yepes1, María Belén Conesa-Ferrer1
1Faculty of Nursing, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
Summary
Gender-based violence (GBV) on social networks is common among Spanish women and linked to in-person sexual violence. Lower socioeconomic status, increased social media use, and pornography consumption predict victimization.
Area of Science:
- Social Sciences
- Criminology
- Public Health
Background:
- Gender-based violence (GBV) is a significant public health issue.
- The rise of social networks has introduced new platforms for GBV, particularly affecting women.
- Understanding the prevalence and correlates of online GBV is crucial for developing effective interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of GBV experienced via social networks among adult women in Spain.
- To describe in-person sexual violence within the context of GBV.
- To analyze the relationship between GBV on social networks and in-person sexual violence.
Main Methods:
- An observational, cross-sectional, correlational study surveyed 1177 adult women (aged 18-59) in Spain.
- Validated instruments, including the Cyber Dating Abuse Questionnaire and Online Sexual Victimization Scale, were used for data collection.
- Statistical analyses (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman's Rho) examined violence in relation to sociodemographic variables, social network usage, and pornography consumption.
Main Results:
- 68.2% of participants reported GBV on social networks, 62.7% online sexual violence, and 66.0% in-person sexual violence.
- GBV on social networks significantly correlated with online sexual violence (r=0.390) and in-person sexual violence (r=0.463).
- Lower socioeconomic status, increased daily social network usage, and higher pornography consumption were associated with higher victimization rates.
Conclusions:
- GBV on social networks is pervasive among Spanish adult women and strongly linked to in-person sexual violence.
- Socioeconomic factors, time spent on social networks, and pornography consumption are key predictors of victimization.
- Targeted interventions addressing online violence are necessary to mitigate broader gender-based violence.
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