Mannose Derivatives as Anti-Infective Agents

Area of Science:

• Carbohydrate Chemistry
• Infectious Diseases
• Drug Discovery

Background:

• Mannose, a monosaccharide, is crucial in host-pathogen interactions.
• It serves as a versatile scaffold for developing novel anti-infective agents.
• Glycoconjugates incorporating mannose are being explored for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in mannose-based glycoconjugates for treating infections.
• To cover their activity against bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic pathogens.
• To assess their potential as clinical therapies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of mannose-based glycoconjugates.
• Analysis of their mechanisms against various pathogens.
• Evaluation of their efficacy in preclinical models.

Main Results:

• Mannose derivatives inhibit bacterial adhesion (e.g., Escherichia coli) and disrupt biofilms (e.g., Pseudomonas).
• Mannose-containing nanoparticles and dendrimers show antiviral activity against HIV, SARS-CoV-2, Ebola, HPV, and HSV.
• Mannose-decorated vaccines and nanocarriers demonstrate potential against fungal and parasitic infections.

Conclusions:

• Mannose-based glycoconjugates exhibit significant antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic properties.
• These compounds target pathogen adhesion, biofilms, and viral entry mechanisms.
• Further optimization of mannose-based structures may yield promising clinical anti-infective therapies.