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Validation of Therapeutic Agent Conjugation to Polyvinyl Alcohol-Coated Medical Devices

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RNA Therapeutics: Delivery Problems and Solutions-A Review.

Natalia Pozdniakova¹, Evgenii Generalov², Alexei Shevelev³

¹Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 115522 Moscow, Russia.

|October 29, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

RNA therapeutics show great promise but face delivery challenges. Novel delivery methods and RNA modifications are key to expanding their use for widespread diseases like cancer and autoimmune disorders.

Keywords:

AAV vectors RNA RNA mimetic RNA vaccine exosomes lipid nanoparticles macrophage reprogramming viral vectors

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Molecular Medicine
Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

RNA-based therapeutics offer significant potential for treating various diseases.
Current RNA delivery technologies face challenges in tissue targeting, selectivity, and side effects, hindering clinical progress.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically assess the current landscape of RNA-derived medicines and their therapeutic applications.
To examine advancements in RNA modification, delivery systems, and molecular mechanisms for treating prevalent diseases.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on mRNA vaccines and RNA-based therapeutics.
Analysis of clinical trial data for modified short RNA drugs (siRNAs, miRNA mimetics/inhibitors).
Evaluation of evolving delivery methods like lipid nanoparticles, viral vectors, and exosomes.

Main Results:

Approved RNA therapies predominantly target rare diseases due to delivery limitations.
RNA-mediated macrophage reprogramming shows promise for enhancing delivery and efficacy.
Novel approaches in RNA modification and targeted delivery are crucial for broader applications.

Conclusions:

Advancements in RNA modification, targeted delivery, and understanding molecular mechanisms are essential for expanding RNA therapeutics to prevalent diseases.
Overcoming delivery hurdles is critical to unlocking the full therapeutic potential of RNA-based medicines.