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Related Concept Videos

Abrasion Resistance of Concrete01:23

Abrasion Resistance of Concrete

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Abrasion resistance is an essential characteristic of concrete that determines its durability and longevity under various wear conditions. Concrete surfaces are vulnerable to different types of abrasion. For instance, surfaces may wear down due to the constant movement of vehicles or be eroded by solids carried in water, as seen in concrete canal linings. Specific tests are conducted to measure the abrasion resistance of concrete.
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Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate01:22

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Toughness and hardness are critical properties of aggregate materials used in concrete, particularly on pavement surfaces and industrial flooring subjected to heavy loads. Toughness is defined as the aggregate's resistance to failure by impact and is measured by the aggregate impact value (AIV). For this, the aggregate impact value test is performed, wherein the impact is delivered by a standard hammer, which falls freely under its own weight onto the aggregates. The aggregates fragment in...
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Design Example: Joints in Concrete Pavements01:28

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Concrete pavement joints are essential for maintaining the structural integrity and longevity of pavement by controlling where and how the pavement cracks. These joints can be categorized based on their functions, such as contraction or control joints, construction joints, isolation joints, and expansion joints.
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A Novel Pavement Abrasion Test for Assessing Injury Risk to Vulnerable Road Users.

David Llopis-Castelló1, Carlos Alonso-Troyano1, Pablo Álvarez-Troncoso2

  • 1Highway Engineering Research Group, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.

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Summary

A new pavement abrasion test evaluates injury risk for road users by simulating fall conditions. This user-centered method uses a wax specimen to measure surface aggressiveness, enhancing infrastructure safety audits.

Keywords:
injury risk assessmentmicromobility safetynon-destructive testingpavementsurface abrasionsurface characterization

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Area of Science:

  • Road safety engineering
  • Materials science
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Traditional pavement evaluations focus on skid resistance and texture, neglecting mechanical aggressiveness during falls.
  • Existing methods do not adequately assess injury potential for vulnerable road users like micromobility riders.
  • A gap exists in quantifying pavement surface abrasiveness relevant to human skin during impact events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel, user-centered surface abrasion test for assessing pavement injury potential.
  • To develop a reproducible method for quantifying pavement surface aggressiveness relevant to skin abrasion.
  • To provide a new metric for infrastructure safety audits focused on injury mitigation for vulnerable road users.

Main Methods:

  • A paraffin wax specimen, a proxy for skin's abrasive response, was dragged over pavement surfaces at controlled speeds and loads.
  • Material loss from the wax specimen was quantified to indicate pavement surface abrasiveness.
  • The test was validated on ceramic, bituminous, and concrete surfaces and applied in a case study on a micromobility bike lane.

Main Results:

  • The novel abrasion test demonstrated sensitivity and repeatability across different pavement types.
  • Continuous evaluation capability offers more representative results compared to point-based tests.
  • The test effectively responded to surface changes over time in a real-world application.

Conclusions:

  • The developed surface abrasion test is practical, reproducible, and applicable to diverse pavement types.
  • This method provides a valuable new metric for infrastructure safety, particularly for vulnerable road users.
  • The test can be extended to assess injury risk for motorcyclists and other road users prone to abrasion injuries.