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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

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Inversion of Soil Parameters and Deformation Prediction for Deep Excavation Based on PSO-SVM Model.

Jing Zhao1, Longhui Chen1, Hongyin Yang2

  • 1China Railway 11th Bureau Group First Engineering Co., Ltd., Xiangyang 441199, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a particle swarm optimization-support vector machine (PSO-SVM) model to accurately determine soil parameters during deep excavation. This method enhances finite element analysis precision and predicts retaining structure deformation effectively.

Keywords:
PSO-SVM modeldeep excavationdeformation predictionfinite element simulationsoil parameters inversion

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Area of Science:

  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Computational Mechanics

Background:

  • Soil parameters change during deep excavation, impacting finite element analysis accuracy.
  • Accurate soil parameters are crucial for predicting retaining structure behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an inversion method for soil parameters using a PSO-SVM model.
  • To improve the precision of finite element analysis in deep excavations.
  • To accurately predict retaining structure deformation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized particle swarm optimization (PSO) to optimize support vector machine (SVM) parameters (C and g).
  • Established a nonlinear mapping between horizontal displacements and soil parameters via orthogonal experimental design and finite element simulation.
  • Inverted soil parameters from monitoring data and verified their reliability.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an absolute error of <1 mm for peak maximum horizontal displacements.
  • Reduced the maximum relative error from 18.96% to 7.63%.
  • Demonstrated high accuracy of inverted soil parameters and improved finite element simulation precision.

Conclusions:

  • The PSO-SVM inversion method significantly enhances the accuracy of soil parameters in deep excavations.
  • The method effectively reflects the soil's mechanical properties during construction.
  • Inverted parameters enable reliable prediction of subsequent retaining structure deformation within safety thresholds.