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Preparation of Silicon Nanowire Field-effect Transistor for Chemical and Biosensing Applications
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A Highly Sensitive Silicon Nanowire Array Field Effect Transistor Biosensor for Detecting HBV-DNA and AFP.

Peng Sun1, Mingbin Liu2, Yongxin Zhang1

  • 1School of Information Technology, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel silicon nanowire biosensor enables highly sensitive, real-time detection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). This low-cost device offers early diagnosis for chronic hepatitis B, improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
SiNW-array FEThepatitis B virushighly sensitivejoint detection

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biosensors

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis B is a significant health concern requiring early diagnosis.
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are critical biomarkers for chronic hepatitis B detection.
  • Current diagnostic methods may lack the sensitivity or real-time capabilities needed for optimal patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive, real-time, and low-cost biosensor for the joint detection of HBV and AFP.
  • To utilize silicon nanowire array field-effect transistors (SiNW-array FETs) for enhanced biomarker detection.
  • To establish a foundation for improved clinical diagnostics of chronic hepatitis B.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of SiNW-array FETs using micro-nano fabrication techniques like self-limiting oxidation and anisotropic etching.
  • Surface modification of SiNWs for specific binding of HBV-DNA fragments and AFP.
  • Characterization of SiNW morphology, electrical properties, and biosensor performance.

Main Results:

  • Uniform SiNW diameters and a strong output signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio were achieved.
  • The SiNW-array FET demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for HBV-DNA and AFP.
  • Ultratlow detection limits of 0.1 fM for HBV-DNA and 0.1 fg/mL for AFP were obtained.
  • Successful detection of HBV-DNA in serum samples was achieved, validating clinical applicability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SiNW-array FET biosensor offers a promising platform for sensitive and real-time joint detection of HBV and AFP.
  • This technology can significantly aid in the early diagnosis and management of chronic hepatitis B.
  • The biosensor's performance in serum samples supports its potential for clinical application.