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Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

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Performance Assessment of Multistatic/Multi-Frequency 3D GPR Imaging by Linear Microwave Tomography.

Mehdi Masoodi1, Gianluca Gennarelli1, Carlo Noviello1

  • 1Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, National Research Council of Italy, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124 Napoli, Italy.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a linear microwave tomographic approach for advanced ground-penetrating radar systems. The method enhances subsurface imaging by reconstructing data from single-view/multistatic configurations.

Keywords:
3D imagingground-penetrating radarmicrowave tomographymultistatic radarsynthetic aperture radar

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Electromagnetics
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Multichannel ground-penetrating radar (GPR) systems offer improved subsurface imaging.
  • Handling large data volumes from multiview, multistatic, and multifrequency GPR requires advanced reconstruction methods.
  • Optimizing measurement configurations is crucial for balancing image quality and acquisition efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a linear microwave tomographic approach for subsurface imaging using GPR.
  • To address the reconstruction challenges posed by sophisticated GPR configurations.
  • To investigate measurement configurations that balance image quality with acquisition complexity.

Main Methods:

  • A single-view/multistatic GPR measurement system with an antenna array was employed.
  • A linear microwave tomographic approach was used to solve a 3D inverse scattering problem.
  • The Born approximation was applied to an isotropic, homogeneous, lossless, and non-magnetic medium, considering single- and multi-frequency data.

Main Results:

  • A qualitative reconstruction of the investigated scenario was achieved using the tomographic approach.
  • Analysis of the scattering operator's spectral content and the system's point spread function was performed for a 3D free-space scenario.
  • Experimental validation confirmed the imaging capability of the inversion approach under laboratory conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed linear microwave tomographic method is effective for subsurface imaging with advanced GPR systems.
  • The approach provides a viable solution for handling complex GPR data acquisition configurations.
  • Further research can build upon this method for enhanced GPR-based subsurface exploration.