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Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

48.1K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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BioMEMS and Cellular Biology: Perspectives and Applications
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Recent Advancements in Bionic Olfactory Biosensors: Components, Applications, and Future Perspectives.

Jingyi Li1, Yi Feng1, Jun Ge1,2,3

  • 1Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Chem & Bio Engineering
|October 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Bionic olfactory biosensors mimic natural smell for advanced chemical sensing. This review covers their design, applications, and challenges, focusing on improving biological elements and nanomaterial integration for future development.

Keywords:
bionic olfactionbiosensorsodorant binding proteinsolfactory receptorspeptides

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Biosensor Technology
  • Chemical Sensing

Background:

  • Nature's olfactory systems offer high sensitivity and selectivity for odorant detection.
  • Understanding human olfaction mechanisms enables the development of bionic olfactory biosensors.
  • These biosensors offer novel analytical strategies for environmental, medical, food, and security applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in bionic olfactory biosensor design and applications.
  • To comparatively analyze various biological recognition elements used in these biosensors.
  • To assess current limitations and future perspectives for bionic olfactory sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of recent research on bionic olfactory biosensors.
  • Comparative analysis of biological recognition elements (whole cells, receptors, proteins, peptides).
  • Examination of nanomaterial-integrated biosensor platforms and their impact on performance.

Main Results:

  • Bionic olfactory biosensors show promise across diverse fields.
  • Nanomaterials enhance signal transduction and sensitivity in biosensor platforms.
  • Challenges remain in optimizing operational conditions and stability of biological elements.

Conclusions:

  • Bionic olfactory biosensors are advancing chemical sensing capabilities.
  • Further research is needed to overcome stability and reproducibility challenges.
  • Integrated perspectives on biological mechanisms, material science, and applications are crucial for future development.