Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

1.1K
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
1.1K
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

1.3K
Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
1.3K
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

806
Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
806
Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

849
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
849

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The "healthy dyad" bias in veteran-caregiver dyadic research: a methodological caution.

Innovation in aging·2026
Same author

Home- and Community-Based Service Use and Preferences Among Post-9/11 Veterans With or at High Risk of Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementia and Their Caregivers: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Observational Study.

JMIR research protocols·2026
Same author

A consensus roadmap for post-traumatic epilepsy: Clinical biomarkers, research priorities, policy barriers, and pathways to interventional trials.

Epilepsia·2026
Same author

Efficacy and outcomes of pharmacological treatments for headaches after traumatic brain injury: A systematic review.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache·2026
Same author

A Real-World Evidence Study on US Patients Demonstrating Safety of High-Frequency Use of the Remote Electrical Neuromodulation (REN) Wearable Device for Migraine Treatment.

Pain and therapy·2026
Same author

Associations among epilepsy phenotypes and pain, sleep interference, and dissociative symptoms.

Rehabilitation psychology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Inducing Post-Traumatic Epilepsy in a Mouse Model of Repetitive Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury
07:07

Inducing Post-Traumatic Epilepsy in a Mouse Model of Repetitive Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: February 10, 2020

11.2K

Differences in Mortality Between Veterans With Posttraumatic and Nontraumatic Epilepsy.

Rohan Sri Nagabhirava1, Richard Zhou1, Mary Jo V Pugh2,3

  • 1School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.

Neurology
|October 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is associated with higher mortality than nontraumatic epilepsy (NTE). Mortality risk varies by traumatic brain injury (TBI) type and age at onset, with young-onset PTE showing the highest risk.

More Related Videos

Use of a Wireless Video-EEG System to Monitor Epileptiform Discharges Following Lateral Fluid-Percussion Induced Traumatic Brain Injury
09:16

Use of a Wireless Video-EEG System to Monitor Epileptiform Discharges Following Lateral Fluid-Percussion Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: June 21, 2019

26.3K
Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
11:29

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study

Published on: August 15, 2025

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Inducing Post-Traumatic Epilepsy in a Mouse Model of Repetitive Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury
07:07

Inducing Post-Traumatic Epilepsy in a Mouse Model of Repetitive Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: February 10, 2020

11.2K
Use of a Wireless Video-EEG System to Monitor Epileptiform Discharges Following Lateral Fluid-Percussion Induced Traumatic Brain Injury
09:16

Use of a Wireless Video-EEG System to Monitor Epileptiform Discharges Following Lateral Fluid-Percussion Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: June 21, 2019

26.3K
Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
11:29

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study

Published on: August 15, 2025

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Trauma Research
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Epilepsy and specific traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are linked to increased mortality.
  • Previous research has not definitively established if posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) has higher mortality than nontraumatic epilepsy (NTE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare mortality rates between posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) and nontraumatic epilepsy (NTE) in US military veterans.
  • To examine how different types of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and age at onset influence mortality in PTE.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of administrative data from the Veterans Health Administration (2005-2022).
  • Identification of veterans with epilepsy using validated criteria.
  • Classification of PTE based on TBI documented within 5 years prior to epilepsy diagnosis.
  • Comparison of mortality using adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models.

Main Results:

  • Among 210,182 veterans with epilepsy, 28,832 had PTE.
  • PTE exhibited a higher mortality rate compared to NTE.
  • Mortality varied by TBI type: highest with diffuse cerebral, focal cerebral, or skull/facial fractures; lower with concussion.
  • Young-onset PTE, particularly with extracerebral injury, showed the highest relative mortality (HR 2.02).

Conclusions:

  • PTE is associated with increased mortality compared to NTE, with risk amplified in specific TBI types and age groups.
  • The type of TBI and age at PTE onset are critical factors influencing mortality.
  • Findings underscore the need to consider these factors in clinical practice and guide future research into PTE mortality mechanisms.