Metabolic Reprogramming in Lung Cancer: Hallmarks, Mechanisms, and Targeted Strategies to Overcome Immune Resistance

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunology
• Metabolic Research

Background:

• Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally.
• Immunotherapy has improved lung cancer treatment but faces immune resistance.
• Metabolic reprogramming influences tumor progression and immune suppression in lung cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review metabolic alterations linked to immune suppression in lung cancer.
• To analyze key metabolic pathways and their immune interactions.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies.
• Analysis of glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism.
• Focus on regulatory enzymes, signaling pathways, and immune responses.

Main Results:

• Metabolic reprogramming significantly impacts tumor-immune interactions.
• Altered metabolism promotes immune evasion by affecting T-cells and regulatory cells.
• Changes in metabolism influence cytokine and checkpoint molecule expression.

Conclusions:

• Targeting tumor metabolism is a promising strategy to enhance immunotherapy.
• Further research into metabolism-immunity links may lead to novel combination therapies.
• Developing new therapies could provide durable clinical benefits for lung cancer patients.