Exploring the Role of Third Places in Shaping Health and Wellbeing: A Qualitative Study With Older Adults

Environmental determinants of health influence the experience of ageing, yet the contribution of informal public spaces, known as third places, remains underexplored, preventing adequate policy and planning action. Third places, such as cafes, libraries and parks, provide opportunities for older adults to build social connections and engage in physical activity, both of which are crucial for maintaining health and wellbeing. This study explored how third places influence the health of older people living in Springfield, a rapidly growing, master-planned community in South-East Queensland, Australia.

A qualitative, cross-sectional design was applied, using semi-structured interviews with 15 older residents (aged 60 years and over). Interviews explored the experiences of using third places, including the perceived benefits and challenges for physical activity and social connections. Social connections were considered through the lens of four types of social ties: stranger, absent, weak, and strong ties. Data were thematically analysed to identify key environmental and social determinants relevant to healthy ageing.

Third places were perceived as essential for forming social connections, particularly through the accumulation of weak, absent and stranger ties, which provided a sense of belonging and safety. However, access was limited by transport, walkability and the design of spaces that did not always encourage prolonged interaction. Physical activity opportunities were valued but were secondary to the perceived social benefits of third places.

Findings highlight the importance of third places as accessible, socially inclusive environments for older adults that play a key role in forming and strengthening four types of social ties, from encounters with strangers to enduring friendships. SO WHAT?: The importance of stranger ties-alongside absent, weak, and strong ties-and the dynamic role that third places play in fostering these connections, especially for older people, has not been fully recognised. Insights from this research can inform urban planning and health policy to strengthen community design that supports healthy ageing.