Printed Soft Electronic Skin Based on a Dual-Atom Nanozyme for Multiplexed Epidermal Sensing

The development of soft electronic skin with various biosensors is critical for healthcare monitoring and personalized medicine at the molecular level. For the sensing capabilities, biosensors with natural enzymes are integrated into the electronic skin, aimed at high efficiency, selectivity, and biocompatibility. However, this integration results in high costs, poor stability under harsh conditions, and challenges in storage. Here, we introduce a dual-atom nanozyme as the epidermal catalyst, which shows high selectivity, long-term stability, and enhanced tolerance to temperature and pH variations within the reaction media. With the integration of multimodal sensors, microfluidics, and flexible circuits, the sensing e-skin enables noninvasive, continuous tracking of sweat biomarkers and physiological states. This sensing electronic skin with long-term health monitoring could substantially extend wearable healthcare technology and pave the way to more practical applications.