Evaluation of Prognostic Factors in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas: A Single-Center Study

To evaluate the relationship between the most commonly used scoring systems, some disease parameters and prognosis in a patient group diagnosed with primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL).

Clinical information was collected from patients diagnosed with PCNSL between 2013 and 2024. In addition to previously defined and validated scoring systems (the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG), the Nottingham/Barcelona (NB), and the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center models (MSKCC), we have also evaluated some newly defined parameters. The predictive significance of all assessments for overall survival was investigated.

A total of 37 patients received the diagnosis of PCNSL. We could not use the IELSG model due to missing data. The MSKCC groups were not associated with mortality. According to Kaplan-Meier test, age, Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores and NB scores had a significant effect on survival (logrank test: p=0.002, < 0.001, and 0.006; respectively). The cut-off value for KPS score was determined as 85 points according to ROC analysis. The cut-off value for age was determined as 59 years. KPS < 85 and age ?60 years were determined as poor prognostic factors. This grouping with KPS and age variables was significant according to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (logrank test: p=0.023). Mortality rates were significantly higher in patients fulfilling the KPS < 85 and age ?60 criteria (50.0 vs 88.9%, p=0.011, odds ratio: 8.0, CI95%: 1.4- 45.4).

This study was conducted in a single-center, under the conditions of our country?s health system. As in other classification recommendations, performance score and age were the most important survival determinants. We were able to classify the risk factors of the patients according to the NB scoring system which was a significant model in the prediction of survival.