Repair of furcal perforations using different calcium silicate cements: An in vitro study

Furcal perforations compromise tooth structure and may lead to endodontic failure. Effective sealing is crucial to prevent microleakage and promote healing.

This in vitro study compared the sealing abilities of four calcium silicate-based.

Biodentine, ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), MTA repair high plasticity (HP), and Evo MTA.

The study used 116 extracted maxillary molars with standardized furcal perforations, created under controlled lab conditions to ensure reliable comparison.

Teeth were disinfected, access cavities prepared, and perforations sealed using one of the four materials. Methylene blue dye was used to assess leakage. Samples were sectioned and examined under scanning electron microscopy at ×1000 magnification to evaluate gaps and microleakage.

Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey's Honestly-significant-difference (HSD) test, with significance set at P < 0.05.

Biodentine demonstrated the highest sealing ability (M = 1.61), followed by MTA Repair HP. ProRoot MTA and Evo MTA performed less effectively. Statistically significant differences were found between Biodentine and both ProRoot and Evo MTA (P < 0.001). However, Biodentine and MTA Repair HP showed no significant difference.

Biodentine and MTA Repair HP offer superior sealing in furcal perforation repair compared to ProRoot and Evo MTA. Their use is recommended to enhance clinical outcomes, although further in vivo studies are necessary to support these findings.