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EMS Professionals Sleep Disturbance: A Cross-sectional Study.

Ala'a Al Amiry1, Warren N Ponder, Jose Carbajal

  • 1From the College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, United Arab Emirates, Ajman (A.A.A.); Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, United Arab Emirates (A.A.A.); One Tribe Foundation, Euless, Texas (W.N.P.); Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches (J.C.); The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada (M.T.); and Triangle Area Psychology Clinic, Durham, North Carolina (C.C.-R.).

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
|October 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Paramedics and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) face trauma, impacting sleep. Resilience and suicide ideation improved sleep quality, while anxiety and depression worsened it, highlighting psychological factors in sleep disturbance.

Keywords:
EMS professionalsattachmentemergency medical techniciansparamedicresiliencesleepsuicide

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency medicine
  • Psychology
  • Sleep science

Background:

  • Paramedics and EMTs experience high trauma exposure, increasing mental health risks and sleep disturbance.
  • Psychological resilience is a known protective factor against adverse mental health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate trauma exposure, attachment, resilience, depression, anxiety, and suicide as predictors of sleep disturbance in EMS personnel.
  • To understand the psychological factors influencing sleep quality in a high-stress occupational group.

Main Methods:

  • Hierarchical regression analysis was employed.
  • Predictors included trauma exposure, attachment dimensions, resilience, depression, generalized anxiety, and suicide.
  • Sleep disturbance was the outcome variable.

Main Results:

  • The final regression model significantly predicted 61.4% of sleep disturbance variance (F(11,69) = 12.58, p < .001).
  • Higher resilience and presence of suicidal ideation were associated with better sleep quality.
  • Generalized anxiety and depression were significant predictors of increased sleep disturbance.

Conclusions:

  • Psychological factors, including resilience, anxiety, depression, and suicidality, play a multifaceted role in sleep disturbance among EMS providers.
  • Findings emphasize the need for targeted mental health interventions to improve sleep quality in this population.