IGZO thin-film transistor biosensor array for highly sensitive detection of β2-microglobulin

β2-Microglobulin (β2-MG) is a sensitive indicator of chronic kidney disease. Traditional analytical methods like radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay exhibit critical drawbacks, including complex operation procedures, time-consuming processes, and limited sensitivity. Biosensors provide a simple, rapid, and accurate strategy for β2-MG detection. Among them, thin-film transistors (TFTs) are widely used in biosensing due to their high sensitivity, nanoscale size, and large-scale manufacturability. Herein, a 4 × 4 biosensor array based on indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) is successfully prepared. It is demonstrated that the biosensor exhibits high sensitivity to β2-MG, with a detection limit as low as 1.2 × 10^-4 μg mL^-1. Furthermore, the biosensor exhibits high sensitivity, good consistency, and great practical application potential.