Unconventional Hall Effect in Gapless Superconductors: Transverse Supercurrent Converted from Normal Current

Area of Science:

• Condensed Matter Physics
• Materials Science
• Quantum Phenomena

Background:

• Superconducting states in proximitized normal metals exhibit anisotropic gapless behavior.
• Segmented Fermi surfaces characterize these gapless superconducting states.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the unconventional Hall effect in gapless superconductors.
• To demonstrate the existence and origin of the superconducting Hall effect (ScHE).

Main Methods:

• Thermodynamic approach for bulk systems.
• Quantum transport theory for a four-probe setup.
• Analysis of quasiparticle Berry curvature.

Main Results:

• An unconventional Hall effect, the ScHE, is demonstrated in gapless superconductors.
• Longitudinal quasiparticle current is converted into a transverse supercurrent without a phase transition.
• The ScHE originates from the quasiparticle Berry curvature.

Conclusions:

• The ScHE is an intrinsic property of gapless superconductors enabled by their anisotropic phase.
• Experimental verification is proposed using materials like Bi_{2}Te_{3}/NbSe_{2} and altermagnetic heterostructures.