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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
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¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

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1.5K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
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Updated: Jan 12, 2026

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Magnon-Magnon Interaction Induced by Nonlinear Spin-Wave Dynamics.

Matteo Arfini1, Alvaro Bermejillo-Seco1, Artem Bondarenko1

  • 1Delft University of Technology, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands.

Physical Review Letters
|October 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nonlinear spin-wave dynamics create resonant interactions between magnon modes in yttrium iron garnet disks. This spectral splitting phenomenon, driven by strong pumping, opens new avenues for quantum computation.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Information Science

Background:

  • Nonlinear dynamics in magnetic materials are crucial for advanced technologies.
  • Understanding magnon-exciton interactions is key to developing novel computing paradigms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the induction of resonant interactions between nonresonant magnon modes using nonlinear spin-wave dynamics.
  • To explore the potential of these interactions for future quantum computation platforms.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental demonstration of nonlinear spin-wave dynamics in yttrium iron garnet disks.
  • Theoretical modeling using a linearized magnon three-wave mixing Hamiltonian.
  • Analysis of spectral splitting under strong pumping near ferromagnetic resonance.

Main Results:

  • Observed spectral splitting of magnon modes with increasing drive amplitude.
  • Effective resonant interaction induced between nonresonant magnon modes.
  • Theoretical framework accurately captures the observed phenomenon, linking it to parametric Suhl instabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Nonlinear spin-wave dynamics provide a pathway to control magnon interactions.
  • The demonstrated effects occur in an unexplored parameter regime, promising for quantum and classical computation.
  • This work facilitates the development of experimental platforms for advanced computing protocols.