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η and η^{'} Production in J/ψ Radiative Decays from Quantum Chromodynamics.

Mischa Batelaan1, Jozef J Dudek1,2, Robert G Edwards2

  • 1College of William and Mary, Department of Physics, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|October 31, 2025
PubMed
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This study calculates radiative decays of J/ψ (J/psi) into η (eta) and η' (eta prime) mesons using lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Results show enhanced η' production, validating lattice QCD technology for future meson resonance studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Particle Physics
  • Quantum Chromodynamics

Background:

  • Radiative decays of J/ψ mesons provide insights into fundamental particle interactions.
  • Lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is a powerful tool for non-perturbative calculations in particle physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform a first-principles calculation of J/ψ radiative decays into η and η' mesons.
  • To determine transition form factors across a range of photon virtualities using lattice QCD.
  • To explore the production of η and η' in J/ψ decays with novel lattice techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with two degenerate light quark flavors and a heavier strange quark.
  • Employed variationally optimized operators to improve signal purity and reduce uncertainties.
  • Implemented a novel correlator averaging procedure for high-quality results in noisy, disconnected processes.
  • Calculated transition form factors from the timelike region to the real photon point.

Main Results:

  • Successfully calculated transition form factors for J/ψ radiative decays into η and η' mesons.
  • Observed enhanced production of the η' meson compared to the η meson, consistent with theoretical expectations.
  • Demonstrated the capability to access the η' as the first excited state with pseudoscalar isoscalar quantum numbers.

Conclusions:

  • The study validates the use of lattice QCD technology for calculating radiative decays involving light pseudoscalar mesons.
  • The developed methods are suitable for future investigations of processes producing light meson resonances.
  • Provides crucial data for understanding J/ψ meson decays and the properties of η and η' mesons.