Predictive value of the systemic immuane-inflammation index for deep vein thrombosis: A meta-analysis

The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), a new inflammatory marker, is considered a predictive indicator for multiple malignant tumors and inflammatory illnesses. Its relationship with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has garnered growing attention. This research seeks to systematically examine the relationship between SII and DVT.

Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and PubMed were searched up to January 6, 2025, for observational studies examining the link between SII and DVT. Two reviewers separately screened the retrieved articles, extracted data, and appraised the quality of the enrolled studies. MetaDisc version 1.4 and StataMP 15 were utilized to carry out statistical analyses.

14 studies involving 13,655 individuals were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated that individuals with DVT exhibited elevated SII in comparison to those without DVT (WMD = 938.60; 95 % CI: 466.55-1410.64; p < 0.001). Moreover, individuals with elevated SII had a 4.73-fold greater risk of DVT than those with low SII (95 % CI: 2.19-10.19; p < 0.001). The pooled diagnostic performance revealed a specificity of 78 % (95 % CI: 71 %-84 %), sensitivity of 69 % (95 % CI: 56 %-79 %), negative likelihood ratio of 0.40 (95 % CI: 0.26-0.60), positive likelihood ratio of 3.18 (95 % CI: 2.12-4.76), and diagnostic odds ratio of 7.96 (95 % CI: 3.66-17.30). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.81 (95 % CI: 0.77-0.84). Sensitivity analyses were carried out by sequentially excluding individual studies, and no substantial changes were observed in the mean differences, odds ratios, or diagnostic estimates, indicating the stability of the results. No substantial publication bias was detected in the analyses of mean differences, odds ratios, or diagnostic measures.

Elevated SII is related to a higher likelihood of DVT, suggesting its potential as a valuable predictor of DVT risk.