A review of current and potential applications of macroalgae to equine veterinary science

Macroalgae have been used in supplements and feedstuffs for equines and other animals for many years. Health-related attributes of macroalgal bioactive compounds, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic effects, have been largely reported in non-equine species to date. Given the prevalence of resistance to antimicrobial and anthelmintic drugs, sourcing naturally occurring alternatives is of high priority in the current One Health strategy. Nutritionally, seaweed contains a broad range of macro and micro nutrients. These nutrients, combined with the bioactive compounds such as alginates and fucoidans, can favour a healthy gut biome and act as a mucosal protectant to promote gastrointestinal health and equine welfare. Perusal of the literature indicates the many potential applications of the constituent compounds in macroalgae to the veterinary sector, and further research may indeed evince support for the multifarious animal health benefit claims made by seaweed supplement manufacturers, and to quantify the amounts required. Oversight or regulation is necessary to maintain biosafety for humans and other animals alike.