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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Three Different Protocols of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus: Conventional, Accelerated and Iontophoresis
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Mediated Keratitis: A Case Study.

Ryan Baldeo1, William E Rosa2, Jamie Ellis-Wittenhagen1

  • 1Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.

Journal of Palliative Medicine
|October 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Palliative care clinicians must learn about rare Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) complications, like keratitis from pembrolizumab. Managing ocular pain in patients on opioids requires a multidisciplinary approach for better outcomes.

Keywords:
immune checkpoint inhibitorskeratitisoncologyophthalmologypalliative caresymptom management

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Palliative Care

Background:

  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) are novel cancer therapies.
  • Adverse events associated with ICIs require careful management.
  • Palliative care (PC) plays a crucial role in managing cancer treatment side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of PC clinicians expanding knowledge of rare ICI complications.
  • To present a case of ICI-mediated keratitis.
  • To emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach in managing complex patient cases.

Main Methods:

  • Case study of a 73-year-old male with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.
  • Description of the patient's development of keratitis as a side effect of pembrolizumab.
  • Analysis of the challenges in managing acute ocular pain in a patient with a preexisting opioid regimen.

Main Results:

  • The patient developed ICI-mediated keratitis, a rare complication of pembrolizumab.
  • Management of ocular pain was complicated by the patient's chronic pain opioid regimen.
  • A multidisciplinary approach was necessary for effective pain management.

Conclusions:

  • PC clinicians need enhanced knowledge of rare ICI adverse effects.
  • Timely diagnosis and effective treatment of ICI-related complications are critical.
  • Understanding novel cancer therapies improves patient outcomes in palliative care.