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Storage protein allergen sensitization patterns in children: Insights from multiplex microarray profiling and
Canan Caka1, Engin Ozcivici2, Ceyda Oksel Karakus2
1Division of Pediatric Allergy, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Summary
Multiplex microarray testing reveals storage protein (SP) sensitization patterns in children, highlighting cross-reactivity between foods like peanuts and tree nuts. This aids in understanding food allergies and improving diagnostic accuracy.
Area of Science:
- Food allergy research
- Immunology
- Allergen characterization
Background:
- Storage proteins (SPs) like 2S albumins are major allergens in peanuts, tree nuts, and sesame.
- Their stability contributes to allergenicity and sensitization.
- Understanding SP sensitization patterns is crucial for diagnosing food allergies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore storage protein allergenic molecule (AM) clustering patterns.
- To evaluate the diagnostic performance of multiplex microarray (MM) testing in a pediatric cohort.
- To clarify cross-sensitization versus co-sensitization in food allergies.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 350 children using the ALEX2 MM platform.
- Hierarchical clustering (HC) and correlation heatmaps to analyze sensitization interrelationships.
- ROC curve analysis to assess predictive utility at various cut-offs and IgE thresholds.
Main Results:
- A broad SP cluster was identified, including peanuts, tree nuts, sesame, poppy seed, and buckwheat.
- Strong correlations indicated extensive cross-sensitization between various SPs.
- 2S albumins were most predictive of clinical reactivity; lower cut-offs improved test performance.
Conclusions:
- MM testing provides detailed SP sensitization profiles.
- Cluster-based interpretation can differentiate cross- vs. co-sensitization.
- Recombinant AMs and IgE stratification can enhance MM utility in allergy diagnostics.
