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Intracranial Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Endoscopy for In Vivo Protein Quantification under Physiological

Maryam Hojjat Jodaylami1,2, Dominic Falardeau2,3, Antoine Malescot2,3

  • 1Département de chimie, Institut Courtois, Quebec Center for Advanced Materials, Regroupement québécois sur les matériaux de pointe, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an intracranial Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) endoscope for real-time, in vivo protein monitoring in the brain. The SERS endoscope successfully detected S100β protein release linked to brain activity in mice.

Keywords:
S100βendoscopy sensoroptogenetic stimulationsurface-enhanced Raman scatteringtactile stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) endoscopes offer potential for minimally invasive, high-resolution in vivo protein detection in deep brain regions.
  • S100β is an astrocytic protein indicative of brain activity and injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an intracranial SERS endoscope for in vivo monitoring of S100β protein levels in different brain regions.
  • To correlate S100β protein release with varying levels of brain activity in mice.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a SERS endoscope using optical fibers functionalized with gold nanoparticles and anti-S100β antibodies.
  • In vivo implantation of the SERS endoscope in mouse brains.
  • Utilizing optogenetic stimulation of the cortical masticatory area (CMA) to induce rhythmic jaw movements (RJMs) and observing S100β changes in the brainstem.
  • Assessing S100β levels in the somatosensory cortex in response to tactile stimulation.

Main Results:

  • The SERS endoscope detected significant increases in S100β concentration in the trigeminal main sensory nucleus (NVsnpr) during optogenetically induced RJMs.
  • Lower, yet detectable, S100β release was observed with mild CMA stimulation that did not evoke RJMs.
  • S100β levels in the somatosensory cortex correlated with known activation profiles following tactile stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Intracranial SERS endoscopy is a viable tool for in vivo protein monitoring in awake animals.
  • The developed SERS endoscope can detect dynamic changes in S100β protein levels associated with specific brain activities.
  • This technology holds promise for understanding neurological processes and disease states in deep brain structures.