Web-based interventions for cancer-related fatigue: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Web-based interventions are increasingly being used to manage cancer-related fatigue; however, their effectiveness remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness and clinical applicability of web-based interventions for cancer-related fatigue.

Our study adhered to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to August 15, 2025 for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The meta-analysis used the R package Meta 4.0.3, employing standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for effect size estimation. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics, and subgroup analyses explored potential moderators. The risk of bias was evaluated using Cochrane's Risk of Bias Tool 2.0.

Twenty-five RCTs with 6194 participants were included in the final review. Web-based interventions demonstrated a moderate effect in reducing fatigue (SMD = -0.51, 95 % CI: -0.75, -0.26). Heterogeneity was significant (I² = 93.5 %, P < 0.001), with subgroup analysis showing that country and guidance type moderated the effect size.

Web-based interventions effectively reduced cancer-related fatigue and showed potential for its management. Therapist-guided interventions and programs lasting 12 weeks or longer were particularly effective. Future research should assess tailored interventions for specific cancer types, compare their effects across countries, and identify optimal guidance and intervention durations to maximize clinical applicability and patient engagement.