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Real-Time Resonance Biofeedback for Gender-Affirming Voice Training: Usability Testing of the TruVox Web-Based

Tara McAllister1, Collin Eagen1, Victoria S McKenna2

  • 1Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, New York University, New York, New York.

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Summary

This study tested a new web-based software for gender-affirming voice training (GAVT) that provides visual-acoustic biofeedback for vocal resonance. Usability testing showed the software is acceptable and helps users understand vocal resonance, with early acoustic trends observed.

Keywords:
Gender-affirming voice trainingGender-diverseResonance-biofeedbackTransgender

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Area of Science:

  • Speech-language pathology
  • Human-computer interaction
  • Acoustic phonetics

Background:

  • Gender-affirming voice training (GAVT) can alleviate voice dysphoria but faces accessibility barriers like cost and provider availability.
  • Existing GAVT software often lacks functionality, especially for vocal resonance training.
  • A web-based software module was developed to provide visual-acoustic biofeedback for vocal tract resonance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and conduct usability testing of a novel web-based software module for GAVT, focusing on voice feminization.
  • To evaluate the software's effectiveness in providing visual-acoustic biofeedback for vocal tract resonance.
  • To gather user feedback for future software improvements.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a resonance module (part of TruVox free GAVT software) displaying resonant frequencies via real-time LPC spectrum.
  • Included resonance targets for English vowels, practice routines for increasing utterance length, and video tutorials.
  • Conducted online and in-lab usability testing, collecting System Usability Scale (SUS) scores, qualitative feedback, and acoustic measurements for in-lab participants.

Main Results:

  • In-lab participants achieved an average SUS score of 75.25, indicating acceptable-to-good usability.
  • Users reported the biofeedback aided understanding and control of vocal resonance, while also suggesting improvements.
  • A trend towards expected acoustic changes was observed in 8/10 participants for the most practiced vowel, despite the short session duration.

Conclusions:

  • The web-based biofeedback tool shows potential for enhancing resonance training in GAVT.
  • Future development will focus on refining resonance tracking, enabling personalized targets, and expanding targets for nonbinary and transmasculine users.
  • Clinical trials are planned to assess acoustic changes over extended use.