Survey on voice feminization surgery: current practices, assessment techniques, and postoperative outcomes

Area of Science:

• Medical Science
• Surgical Innovation
• Transgender Healthcare

Background:

• Growing demand for gender-affirming surgery among transfeminine individuals.
• Voice feminization surgery (VFS) is a critical aspect of comprehensive gender-affirming care.
• International Association of TransVoice Surgeons (IATVS) membership represents a key demographic for understanding current VFS practices.

Purpose of the Study:

• To survey international members of the IATVS regarding current practices in voice feminization surgery (VFS).
• To explore variations in surgical techniques, preoperative assessments, postoperative care, and complication management in VFS.

Main Methods:

• An international online questionnaire distributed to 24 phonosurgeons.
• Data collection occurred in August and September 2024.
• The survey focused on surgical approaches, patient preparation, recovery protocols, and adverse event handling.

Main Results:

• Wendler glottoplasty and its modifications are the predominant surgical techniques currently employed.
• Significant variability exists in preoperative and postoperative protocols among practitioners.
• The study identified a lack of uniformity in VFS management strategies.

Conclusions:

• Current VFS practices demonstrate considerable heterogeneity, necessitating the development of standardized guidelines.
• Further research is required to optimize surgical techniques and patient care protocols.
• Standardization of VFS care pathways is crucial for improving outcomes in transfeminine individuals.