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Simplified micro perchlorination method for polychlorinated biphenyls in biological samples.

H L Crist, R F Moseman

    Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists
    |November 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    A simplified method accurately determines polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in biological samples by converting them to decachlorobiphenyl (DCB). This technique offers high recovery rates for sensitive PCB analysis in tissues and human milk.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Chemistry
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants with significant environmental and health concerns.
    • Accurate quantification of PCBs in biological matrices is crucial for risk assessment and monitoring.
    • Existing methods for PCB analysis can be complex and time-consuming.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a simplified, efficient, and sensitive methodology for the microdetermination of PCBs in biological samples.
    • To validate the conversion of various PCB congeners to decachlorobiphenyl (DCB) using antimony pentachloride.
    • To assess the applicability of the method for analyzing PCBs in beef adipose tissue and human milk.

    Main Methods:

    • Microdetermination of PCBs via conversion to the decachlorobiphenyl (DCB) derivative using antimony pentachloride (SbCl5) perchlorination.

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  • Fortification of biological extracts (beef adipose tissue, human milk) with PCB standards (0.1–5.0 ppm).
  • Sample cleanup using a Florisil mini column followed by quantitation using electron capture gas-liquid chromatography (EC-GLC).

    • Main Results:

    • High recovery rates (79–99%) for PCBs as low as 0.1 ppm in 500 mg tissue extract.
    • Successful conversion of various Aroclors to DCB, demonstrating method efficiency across different chlorine contents.
    • No interference observed from common chlorinated pesticides subjected to the perchlorination procedure.
    • Determination of background DCB levels in SbCl5 reagents.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented perchlorination method offers a simplified and effective approach for sensitive PCB analysis in biological samples.
    • The methodology provides reliable quantification of PCBs in complex matrices like adipose tissue and human milk.
    • This technique is suitable for routine monitoring and toxicological studies of PCB contamination.