Risk factors analysis for poor prognosis after percutaneous drainage in liver abscess patients with fatty liver

Liver abscess is a serious hepatic infectious disease for which percutaneous drainage has become the preferred treatment method due to its minimally invasive advantages. With the rising prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease reaching 29.2% in Chinese adults, the number of patients with liver abscess combined with fatty liver has shown a significant increasing trend clinically.

To analyze risk factors affecting prognosis after percutaneous drainage in liver abscess patients with fatty liver.

A retrospective analysis of 165 liver abscess patients with fatty liver who underwent percutaneous drainage from January 2020 to April 2024. Patients were divided into good prognosis (n = 121, 73.3%) and poor prognosis groups (n = 44, 26.7%) based on 30-day outcomes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors.

The poor prognosis group had older age (65.2 ± 11.8 years vs 56.1 ± 11.9 years, P < 0.001), higher diabetes prevalence (70.5% vs 47.2%, P = 0.008), elevated inflammatory markers, and lower serum albumin (26.8 ± 4.2 g/L vs 32.1 ± 5.6 g/L, P < 0.001). Moderate-to-severe fatty liver was more prevalent in the poor prognosis group (68.2% vs 38.0%, P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified five independent risk factors: Age ≥ 65 years (OR = 2.847, P = 0.007), diabetes history (OR = 3.124, P = 0.003), abscess diameter ≥ 8 cm (OR = 2.591, P = 0.015), serum albumin < 30 g/L (OR = 3.456, P = 0.001), and moderate-to-severe fatty liver (OR = 2.213, P = 0.035).

Advanced age, diabetes history, large abscess, hypoalbuminemia, and moderate-to-severe fatty liver are independent risk factors for poor prognosis after percutaneous drainage in liver abscess patients with fatty liver.