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A GC-MS-Based Urinary Metabolomic Profiling to Identify Potential Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome
Juhan Pak1, Mee-Hyun Lee2, Seong-Eun Park1
1Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
ACS Omega
|November 3, 2025
Summary
Urinary metabolomics offers a noninvasive method for diagnosing metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study identified key urinary biomarkers, suggesting a new approach for early MetS detection and screening.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Metabolomics
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition increasing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk.
- Current MetS diagnosis relies on invasive, blood-based tests.
- Noninvasive diagnostic alternatives are needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore urinary metabolomics for noninvasive MetS diagnosis.
- To identify potential urinary biomarkers for MetS.
- To assess the diagnostic accuracy of urinary metabolite profiles.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed urinary metabolites from 127 individuals using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
- Classified participants into Normal, Borderline (BL), and MetS groups.
- Utilized partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Main Results:
- Identified 80 urinary metabolites with distinct profiles differentiating MetS groups.
- Found significant associations between metabolites (e.g., glucuronate, galacturonic acid, cystine) and MetS components.
- Metabolic pathway analysis revealed perturbations in carbohydrate, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism.
Conclusions:
- Urinary metabolomics provides a promising noninvasive approach for MetS screening.
- Specific urinary metabolites can serve as novel biomarkers for MetS diagnosis.
- This method may facilitate early detection and management of MetS.
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