Moderate to severe aortic stenosis: Unraveling risk factors, clinical manifestations, and one-year cardiovascular

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Azam Soleimani1,2, Nastaran Karimi2, Marjan Jamalian2

  • 1Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Isfahan, Iran.

ARYA Atherosclerosis
|November 3, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Severe aortic stenosis (AS) is linked to higher pulmonary artery pressure and diastolic dysfunction. However, clinical presentation and one-year outcomes did not differ between moderate and severe AS patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Valvular Heart Disease
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Aortic stenosis (AS) is a degenerative cardiac condition with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Comprehensive data on moderate to severe AS, including risk factors and outcomes, are scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate risk factors, clinical manifestations, and one-year outcomes in patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis.
  • To compare characteristics and outcomes between moderate and severe AS patient groups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cross-sectional study of 97 patients with moderate-to-severe AS at Chamran Hospital (2021-2022).
  • Exclusion criteria included specific comorbidities and conditions.
  • Data collected on demographics, risk factors, echocardiographic parameters, and one-year outcomes (mortality, surgical aortic valve replacement).

Main Results:

  • Severe AS patients (vs. moderate AS) showed higher systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) and prevalence of diastolic dysfunction and three-vessel disease (3VD).
  • Mean pressure gradient, peak velocity, and sPAP were associated with AS severity.
  • No significant difference in clinical presentation or one-year outcomes between moderate and severe AS groups.

Conclusions:

  • Aortic stenosis presents a substantial cardiovascular risk.
  • Severe AS is associated with more advanced echocardiographic findings like higher sPAP and diastolic dysfunction.
  • Despite differences in severity markers, clinical presentation and one-year outcomes were similar between moderate and severe AS.
Abstract

Keywords:
Aortic StenosisAortic Valve ReplacementCardiovascular DiseaseDiastolic DysfunctionEchocardiography

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