Unique Coexistence of Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery and Split Right Coronary Artery

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Imaging
• Anatomical Variations
• Interventional Cardiology

Background:

• Coronary artery anomalies are uncommon but can lead to significant clinical complications.
• Accurate anatomical delineation is vital for safe and effective cardiac interventions.
• Dual left anterior descending artery and split right coronary artery are rare congenital variations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a unique case of coexisting dual left anterior descending artery and split right coronary artery.
• To highlight the diagnostic utility of electrocardiogram-gated coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in identifying rare coronary anomalies.
• To emphasize the clinical implications of these variants in patient management.

Main Methods:

• A 50-year-old male patient with exertional angina was evaluated.
• Electrocardiogram-gated coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) was performed for detailed coronary artery assessment.
• The anatomical findings were analyzed for rare coronary artery variants.

Main Results:

• The CCTA revealed the coexistence of a type IV dual left anterior descending artery and a split right coronary artery.
• The patient presented with class III angina on exertion.
• The findings underscore the presence of complex coronary artery anatomy.

Conclusions:

• Electrocardiogram-gated CCTA is highly effective in visualizing rare coronary artery anatomical variants.
• Accurate diagnosis of such anomalies is critical to prevent misdiagnosis and potential procedural complications.
• This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing and understanding rare coronary artery variations in clinical practice.