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Shape programming of liquid crystal elastomers by two-stage wavelength-selective photopolymerization
Tom Bruining1, Daniela R Tomé1, Danqing Liu1
1Human Interactive Materials, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. danqing.liu@tue.nl.
Materials Horizons
|November 3, 2025
Summary
Researchers developed a new method for creating shape memory polymers using light-triggered reactions. This advance improves the processability of liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) for soft robotics and 4D printing applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Polymer Chemistry
- Soft Robotics
Background:
- Reversible shape memory polymers are crucial for soft robotics and haptic technologies.
- Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are promising but often face processability issues due to traditional crosslinking methods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel, processable two-stage crosslinking method for LCEs.
- To enable the creation of complex, shape-programmed materials for advanced applications.
Main Methods:
- Utilized orthogonal wavelength-selective photo-initiation for free-radical and cationic ring-opening polymerizations.
- Employed a bifunctional acrylate-oxetane crosslinker to create thermally responsive LCEs.
- Demonstrated improved processability via lithography and 4D printing techniques.
Main Results:
- Successfully produced LCEs capable of reversible actuation.
- Showcased enhanced material processability compared to base-catalyzed methods.
- Enabled the fabrication of complex, shape-programmed actuators.
Conclusions:
- The new photo-initiation method overcomes limitations of traditional crosslinking for LCEs.
- This approach expands manufacturing possibilities for sophisticated shape-programmed materials.
- Facilitates the development of advanced actuators for soft robotics and beyond.
