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Related Concept Videos

Thermoregulation01:26

Thermoregulation

2.2K
The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
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Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

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Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
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Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata02:04

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata

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During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
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Heating and Cooling Curves02:44

Heating and Cooling Curves

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When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
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Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

A Gusseted Thermogradient Table to Control Soil Temperatures for Evaluating Plant Growth and Monitoring Soil Processes
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Hydrogel Thermostat Inspired by Photoprotective Foliage Using Latent and Radiative Heat Control.

Se-Yeon Heo1, Hyung Rae Kim1,2, Yoonsoo Shin3,4

  • 1School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|November 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Inspired by plants, a new hydrogel thermostat dynamically adjusts solar reflectance and infrared emissivity. This material offers tunable, all-season thermal regulation through reversible water sorption and desorption, enabling both cooling and heating.

Keywords:
Populus alba–inspired thermal regulationhydrogel thermostathygroscopicitypassive radiative coolingthermochromism

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The Use of High-resolution Infrared Thermography HRIT for the Study of Ice Nucleation and Ice Propagation in Plants
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomimetics
  • Thermal Engineering

Background:

  • Plants like Populus alba exhibit photoprotective foliage for thermal tolerance.
  • Dynamic optical properties help dissipate heat and conserve warmth.
  • Natural strategies offer inspiration for advanced thermal management systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a hydrogel-based thermostat inspired by plant photoprotection.
  • To create a material capable of balancing latent and radiative heat fluxes.
  • To achieve tunable, all-season thermal regulation for diverse environmental conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of lithium ions and hydroxypropyl cellulose into a polyacrylamide matrix.
  • Incorporation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles for mechanical enhancement.
  • Surface treatments and concentration adjustments for tunable thermochromic and hygroscopic responses.

Main Results:

  • The hydrogel exhibits dynamic solar reflectance and high infrared emissivity.
  • Reversible water sorption-desorption capabilities enable latent heat flux management.
  • Demonstrated sub-ambient cooling and above-ambient heating across various conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed hydrogel-based thermostat functions as an effective all-season thermal regulation platform.
  • Tunable properties allow for environment-specific adaptation.
  • Biomimetic design provides a novel approach to passive thermal management.