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Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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Development of the Self-Administered Health Complexity Screening Instrument.

Sheila Specker1,2,3,4,5,6, Rachel Andrew1,2,3,4,5,6, Emily Drexler1,2,3,4,5,6

  • 1Sheila Specker, MD, is an addiction psychiatrist, a family physician, and an associate professor at the University of Minnesota. She is the associate program director for the Minnesota Addiction Medicine Fellowship and has 35 years of teaching, clinical practice, and research in addictions. She led this project to develop a biopsychosocial screening instrument.

Professional Case Management
|November 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new Health Complexity Screener (HCS) tool efficiently identifies patients with complex health needs. This validated instrument aids clinicians in prioritizing care for those requiring intensive case management, improving health outcomes.

Keywords:
complexityreceiver operating characteristic curvescreening test

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Management
  • Clinical Assessment
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Complex health needs present significant challenges in primary care and other settings.
  • Social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly contribute to patient complexity.
  • Accurate identification of high-need patients is crucial for effective case management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a self-administered screening tool, the Health Complexity Screener (HCS).
  • To assist clinicians in rapidly identifying patients with complex health needs requiring detailed case management.
  • To incorporate medical, psychiatric, and social determinants of health (SDOH) items.

Main Methods:

  • Recruitment from diverse outpatient and inpatient settings at a metropolitan medical center.
  • Item pool development from existing instruments (PCAM, IMSA) and author-generated items.
  • Psychometric validation using correlation with the Value-Based Integrated Case Management Complexity Assessment Grid (VB-ICM-CAG) via ROC analysis.

Main Results:

  • A 16-item Health Complexity Screener (HCS) demonstrated good internal consistency (alpha = .892).
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed a predictive accuracy (AUC) of .83 (p = .001).
  • The HCS achieved a true positive rate of .81 and a false positive rate of .21.

Conclusions:

  • The HCS is an efficient tool for screening new patients in primary and behavioral health clinics.
  • It aids in identifying patients needing further case management assessment and support.
  • The HCS can improve discharge planning and resource allocation for complex care needs.