FAST: A battery data recovery method for missing information due to delayed telemetry

Satellites are vital for communication and navigation, yet delayed or incomplete telemetry data hinder the evaluation of degradation processes and system reliability. As the core of satellite power systems, lithium batteries ensure operational stability. This study focuses on lithium batteries in low Earth orbit satellites and addresses telemetry delay-induced data loss. A data recovery method, termed the FAST Model, based on feature acquisition and short-sequence prediction, is proposed. The method effectively captures degradation trends and capacity fluctuations, including regeneration effects, with minimal data. In the satellite battery dataset with approximately 70 % missing data, the proposed model reduces recovery errors by more than 50 % compared with existing methods. Furthermore, the data recovered by the FAST Model enables more accurate estimation of the remaining useful life of batteries. Under the same prediction framework, the use of FAST-recovered data leads to a reduction of prediction errors by about 5 %-30 %, as evaluated by metrics such as MAE and RMSE, compared with other recovery approaches.