Misinformation in YouTube Videos About Chiropractic Treatment for Otitis Media

This study analyzes the prevalence and characteristics of misinformation in YouTube videos about chiropractic treatment for otitis media (OM).

YouTube was searched in January 2023 (Incognito mode, US region) using the terms "chiropractic treatment for otitis media", "chiropractic ear infection", and "chiropractic ear problems". The first 50 English-language videos ranked by relevance were evaluated. Two independent reviewers extracted metadata (views, duration, likes, comments, upload source) and coded for references to evidence-based therapies, chiropractic techniques, and misinformation themes ("fixing" nerves or the Eustachian tube); a third reviewer resolved discrepancies. Descriptive statistics summarized video characteristics and engagement. A parallel PubMed search identified published literature on the most commonly mentioned techniques.

Fifty videos accrued 2,600,209 views, with a mean of 192 seconds, and generated 21,102 likes and 1,766 comments. Chiropractors produced 42 videos (84% of the content); hospital or academic channels contributed two videos (4%). Only three videos (6%) cited scientific sources. Twenty-five videos claimed that chiropractic manipulation could "fix" the Eustachian tube, and 14 videos (28%) asserted nerve correction; none mentioned antibiotics or tympanostomy tubes. Upper‑cervical adjustments (32 videos, 64%) and ear‑massage maneuvers (25 videos, 50%) were the most frequently promoted techniques, despite limited or low‑quality supporting evidence in published literature.

Misinformation about chiropractic treatment for OM is widespread and highly viewed on YouTube. The omission of proven therapies and promotion of unverified claims pose risks for delayed care and preventable harm. Efforts from clinicians, professional societies, educators, and platforms are needed to elevate accurate content, promote media literacy, and reduce exposure to misleading medical information.