Genetic medicine in the US military

The use of genetic testing within the pediatric population continues to expand as broad-based sequencing becoming more incorporated into routine practice. While these evaluations are also utilized within the military population, key points should be considered when providing these recommendations. This review aims to highlight the important differences between civilian and military genetics evaluations.

Review of the available literature and recent current events including an emphasis on military readiness and operational mission completion, reveals that the role of a military geneticist both within the pediatric and Active Duty population will only continue to expand.

Broad-based sequencing is increasingly offered as a first-line evaluation during routine genetic appointments for entities, such as unexplained symptoms, multiple congenital anomalies, or developmental delay. Within the military realm, considerations for potential impact to the Active Duty Service Member must be understood regarding future eligibility, current retainability, and possible effect on disability benefits. This is imperative as protection such as the Genetic Information Non Discrimination Act do not apply to the military population, but with proper and thorough pretest counseling, Soldiers will be able to make sound, informed decisions surrounding their own healthcare and their families as well.