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Related Concept Videos

Common Ion Effect03:24

Common Ion Effect

45.7K
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
45.7K
Solvating Effects02:12

Solvating Effects

8.4K
An understanding of the solvating effect helps rationalize the relation between solvation and acidity of the compound. In addition, this also explains the relative stability of conjugate bases for compounds with different pKa values. This lesson details, in-depth, the principle of solvating effects. The strength of an acid and the stability of its corresponding conjugate base are determined using pKa values. This observed relationship is a consequence of solvation, which is the interaction...
8.4K
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

4.8K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
4.8K
Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

71.0K
Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
71.0K
Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

2.5K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
2.5K
Energetics of Solution Formation02:35

Energetics of Solution Formation

7.3K
The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, which is a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Formation of the solution requires the solute–solute and solvent–solvent...
7.3K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.4K

Cosolvent Electrolyte Design for Li-S Batteries: Suppressing the Shuttle Effect via Phase Separation.

Changyu Yeo1, Seungyeop Kang2, Yun-Jeong Lee3

  • 1Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 60 Gwangun-ro 1-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|November 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new electrolyte for lithium-sulfur batteries by using cosolvents. This strategy suppresses the polysulfide shuttle effect, improving battery cycling stability without inactive additives.

Keywords:
Li‐S batteriescycling stabilityelectrolyte engineeringshuttle effect suppressionsolvent phase separation

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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

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Non-aqueous Electrode Processing and Construction of Lithium-ion Coin Cells
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Non-aqueous Electrode Processing and Construction of Lithium-ion Coin Cells

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Last Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

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Non-aqueous Electrode Processing and Construction of Lithium-ion Coin Cells
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Non-aqueous Electrode Processing and Construction of Lithium-ion Coin Cells

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries offer high energy density and low cost, making them attractive for next-generation energy storage.
  • Commercialization is limited by the polysulfide shuttle effect, leading to poor cycling performance.
  • Existing solutions often involve inactive additives, which reduce overall energy density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a fundamental strategy for suppressing the polysulfide shuttle effect in Li-S batteries.
  • To design a cosolvent-based electrolyte that avoids inactive additives.
  • To investigate the influence of solvent miscibility on polysulfide transport and electrochemical performance.

Main Methods:

  • A high donor number solvent was used as the base electrolyte.
  • Four cosolvents with varying physicochemical properties were systematically introduced.
  • The solubility of lithium polysulfides was tuned by adjusting the cosolvent composition.
  • Local phase separation was induced by combining low-miscibility solvents.

Main Results:

  • Tuning cosolvent composition allowed systematic control over lithium polysulfide solubility and electrochemical kinetics.
  • Local phase separation in low-miscibility solvent mixtures effectively hindered polysulfide diffusion.
  • The cosolvent-based electrolyte significantly mitigated the shuttle effect.
  • Substantially improved cycling stability was achieved in the Li-S batteries.

Conclusions:

  • Cosolvent-based electrolyte design is a viable fundamental strategy to enhance Li-S battery performance.
  • Avoiding inactive additives is crucial for maintaining high energy density.
  • Solvent miscibility plays a critical role in controlling polysulfide transport and suppressing the shuttle effect.
  • This approach offers a promising new direction for developing advanced Li-S battery electrolytes.