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Multidimensional component quantitative analysis: Exploring commercial mango cultivars in China.

Jingtao Cui¹, Yanchi Zhou², Xue Lin²

¹School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety, State Administration for Market Regulation, Haikou 570228, China; Baoting Research Institute of Hainan University, Baoting 572300, China.

|November 5, 2025

Summary

Mango quality and nutrition vary by cultivar due to genetic differences in metabolites. This study identifies key compounds and biomarkers for selecting superior mango varieties.

Keywords:

In vitro antioxidant activity Mangifera indica L.Multi-component analysis Phytochemicals Random forest analysis

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Food Science
Biochemistry

Background:

Mango cultivars display significant variations in food quality and nutraceutical properties.
These differences impact marketability and consumer appeal.
Genotype-driven variations in metabolites are hypothesized to be the underlying cause.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between genotype and metabolite profiles in mango cultivars.
To evaluate physicochemical traits, nutritional components, taste compounds, phytochemicals, and antioxidant capacities.
To identify key biomarkers for mango quality differentiation.

Main Methods:

Systematic evaluation of twelve major Chinese mango cultivars.
Quantitative analysis of physicochemical traits, nutritional components, and bioactive compounds.
Integration of machine learning, including random forest modeling, for biomarker identification.

Main Results:

Significant variations in total soluble sugar, flavonoids, organic acids, carotenoids, and polyphenols were observed among cultivars.
Keitt cultivar excelled in sugar and flavonoids; Shuixian/Huangyu in organic acids; Jidan in carotenoids; Apple in polyphenols and antioxidant activity.
Phenolics and carotenoids were identified as major contributors to antioxidant capacity and color, respectively.
Fifteen discriminatory biomarkers were identified using random forest modeling.

Conclusions:

Genotype-dependent metabolite variations are the primary drivers of mango quality diversity.
The identified biomarkers provide a basis for cultivar selection.
Findings support the development of high-value mango products through targeted breeding and selection.