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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Statistical Process Control01:15

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Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a method used to monitor and control quality within processes, particularly in manufacturing and service delivery, by employing statistical methods. SPC aims to distinguish between natural (common cause) variation and variation due to specific changes or events (special cause), allowing for timely improvements and sustained quality. The control chart, a pivotal tool in SPC, visually displays data over time alongside a central line of upper and lower control...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Roughness Impact of Piezoelectric Dental Scaler on Two Distinct Flowable Composite Filling Materials
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Practice of quality management for dental handpiece processing based on FOCUS-PDCA programme.

Feng-Lian Che1,2, Jia-Qi Li2, Shuang-di Li2

  • 1Department of Nursing, The Affiliated RuiJin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.

BMC Oral Health
|November 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The FOCUS-PDCA program significantly enhanced dental handpiece (DHP) processing quality, improving cleaning, packaging, and sterilization rates. This quality improvement framework also reduced mechanical failures and increased staff proficiency.

Keywords:
DecontaminationDental handpiecesDental instrumentsFOCUS-PDCA programmeMechanical failureProcessing qualitySterilisation

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Quality Improvement
  • Medical Device Processing
  • Clinical Workflow Optimization

Background:

  • Dental handpiece (DHP) processing is critical for patient safety and infection control.
  • Existing workflows may have inefficiencies affecting DHP processing quality.
  • A structured quality improvement framework can address these challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply the Find, Organise, Clarify, Understand, Select - Plan, Do, Check and Act (FOCUS-PDCA) program to analyze factors affecting DHP processing quality.
  • To optimize the DHP processing workflow using the FOCUS-PDCA framework.
  • To evaluate the impact of the FOCUS-PDCA program on DHP processing outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study comparing routine processing (control) with the FOCUS-PDCA program (intervention).
  • Inclusion of 2,893 DHPs in the control group and 3,032 DHPs in the intervention group.
  • Statistical analysis using chi-square and t-tests to compare processing quality, staff knowledge, mechanical failures, and satisfaction scores.

Main Results:

  • The FOCUS-PDCA program significantly improved pass rates for cleaning, packaging, and sterilization (P < 0.01).
  • Superior staff theoretical knowledge and operational skills were observed in the intervention group (P < 0.01).
  • Reduced mechanical failures (bearing and clamping shaft issues) and higher satisfaction scores (88.80 vs. 65.13) were noted in the FOCUS-PDCA group.

Conclusions:

  • The FOCUS-PDCA program effectively improved DHP processing quality and reduced mechanical failures in a hospital setting.
  • This study represents one of the first reports on applying FOCUS-PDCA to DHP processing.
  • High satisfaction among clinical staff indicates the successful implementation of improved protocols.