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Risk Factors Associated With Postoperative Complications Following Endovenous Laser Ablation for Varicose Veins
Aram Baram1, Raz Kamaran Hama Ali1, Chya Nasir Qadir1
1Branch of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
International Journal of Vascular Medicine
|November 6, 2025
Summary
Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) effectively treats varicose veins with minimal invasiveness. Identifying risk factors like hypertension, diabetes, and obesity can help reduce complications and improve outcomes for patients undergoing EVLA.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Minimally Invasive Procedures
- Phlebology
Background:
- Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) is a standard treatment for varicose veins.
- Postoperative complications are a concern despite EVLA's effectiveness.
- Long-term efficacy and risk factors require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors for adverse outcomes after EVLA.
- To evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy of EVLA over 48 months.
- To assess patient satisfaction and trends in Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective, single-center study of 500 patients undergoing EVLA with a 1470-nm laser.
- Preoperative assessment included clinical evaluation, duplex ultrasound, CEAP classification, and VCSS scoring.
- Follow-up over 48 months monitored complications, VCSS, and patient satisfaction.
Main Results:
- Minor complications included hematoma (6.4%), swelling (7.2%), infection (4%), and nerve injury (3.6%).
- Deep vein thrombosis occurred in 2% of patients; endothermal heat-induced thrombosis in 9%.
- Hypertension, diabetes, and obesity correlated with increased complication rates; all patients improved clinically by 48 months.
Conclusions:
- EVLA is a safe and effective varicose vein treatment, suitable for advanced CEAP stages.
- Proactive identification of patient-specific risk factors can mitigate complications.
- Long-term follow-up confirms sustained clinical improvement post-EVLA.
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