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Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins. Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils.
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Isolation of Atrial Cardiomyocytes from a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome-related Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Isolation of Atrial Cardiomyocytes from a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome-related Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: July 26, 2018

Cardiac amyloidosis.

Adam Dhayyat¹, Peter S Deeg¹, Jacek Srokosz¹

¹Kardiologisk avdeling, Sykehuset Østfold, Kalnes.

Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke

|November 6, 2025

Summary

Cardiac amyloidoma, a rare localized amyloid deposit, can mimic tumors and cause severe heart obstruction. This case emphasizes prompt diagnosis in young adults with unusual cardiac symptoms using transesophageal echocardiography.

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Last Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Isolation of Atrial Cardiomyocytes from a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome-related Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Isolation of Atrial Cardiomyocytes from a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome-related Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: July 26, 2018

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

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Published on: June 14, 2016

Genetic Analysis of Hereditary Transthyretin Ala97Ser Related Amyloidosis

Genetic Analysis of Hereditary Transthyretin Ala97Ser Related Amyloidosis

Published on: June 9, 2018

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Pathology

Background:

Cardiac amyloidosis involves protein deposits in the heart muscle, often presenting as restrictive cardiomyopathy.
Amyloidoma is a rare, localized, tumor-like form of cardiac amyloidosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a rare case of cardiac amyloidoma presenting as an intracardiac tumor.
To highlight the diagnostic challenges and clinical importance of considering cardiac tumors in young adults.

Main Methods:

Case presentation of a middle-aged man with constitutional symptoms.
Diagnostic workup included transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).
Surgical exploration and histopathological examination confirmed amyloidoma.

Main Results:

The patient presented with lethargy, chest discomfort, and fever.
TEE revealed intracardiac masses causing severe obstruction and elevated diastolic pressure.
Histopathology confirmed cardiac amyloidoma, despite a perioperative fatality.

Conclusions:

Cardiac amyloidoma is an extremely rare entity with potentially fatal hemodynamic compromise.
Early consideration of cardiac tumors and urgent TEE are crucial for patients with atypical cardiac symptoms.
This case underscores the importance of timely diagnosis in young adults presenting with unusual cardiac presentations.