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Difference from Background: Limit of Detection01:05

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Effect of target detection on the testing effect.

Yueqing Dong1, Siqi Zheng2, Xuan Liu3

  • 1School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China; Research Center of Psychological Education, Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Science in Inner Mongolia Colleges and Universities, Hohhot, People's Republic of China.

Acta Psychologica
|November 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Performing target detection during memory retrieval enhances memory recall. This task boosts background information processing, leading to more accurate recognition of previously learned words in memory tests.

Keywords:
Decision criterionMemory retrievalTarget detectionTesting effect

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Recognition decision criteria shift during concurrent target-detection and memory retrieval tasks.
  • Words presented with targets during retrieval are more frequently recognized as previously learned.
  • The impact of target detection on memory retrieval processing remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if target detection during retrieval practice influences the testing effect.
  • To determine the broader impact of target detection on memory retrieval.
  • To compare target detection effects under retrieval practice versus repeated study conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the classic testing effects paradigm.
  • Implemented target detection tasks concurrently with memory retrieval practice.
  • Included repeated study conditions for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Words presented with target stimuli during the second phase showed improved recognition in the final test, irrespective of condition (retrieval practice or repeated study).
  • Target detection tasks in both phases enhanced background information processing.
  • Increased positive recognition responses were observed in the final memory test.

Conclusions:

  • Performing target detection during memory retrieval enhances memory processing and recognition accuracy.
  • Enhanced encoding processes, potentially triggered by temporal selective attention, may underlie improved memory performance.
  • Target detection facilitates the processing of concurrently presented information during memory retrieval.